Milestone 1 - Laying The Groundwork
Related Work & Technical Foundations
Milestone 1 is focused on documenting the minimum set of primitives, assumptions, and artifacts required to support protocol design for onchain randomness in blockchain systems.
Foundational Diagrams
We define:
- System roles and data flow involved in blockchain randomness
- Commit–reveal timing and verification boundaries used in proof-of-randomness designs
These diagrams serve as a shared reference for research and development, helping both engineers and decision-makers reason about how randomness is produced and verified onchain.
Core Cryptographic Primitives
The research documents and evaluates established cryptographic primitives commonly used in blockchain RNG and verifiable randomness systems:
- RSA
- Modular Exponentiation
- Euler’s Totient Function
- Timelock Puzzles
- Collision-Resistant Hash Functions
These primitives form the basis for secure designs that answer practical questions such as how random numbers are generated in smart contracts and how proof of randomness in crypto can be verified.
Only well-understood, production-grade primitives are considered.
Blockchain Context
This work is grounded in real blockchain constraints, including:
- Smart contract execution limits
- Deterministic blockchain environments
- Onchain verification and gas costs
These factors shape what is possible when building reliable randomness systems on networks like Bitcoin and EVM-based chains.
Milestone 1 is complete once these foundations are clearly defined and aligned across the team.
To learn more or support our research efforts, please contact us at: